Saturday, February 25, 2012

Is the cloud ceiling lower in the east than on the west coast?

I notice the sky looks closer while on the East Coast, USA (New York- the Carolinas) vs when I am on the west coast (California). Is there a reason for this? Is the cloud ceiling lower on the east coast than on the west coast. I understand the stupidity of saying the "sky" looks closer. I hope some of you know what I am referring to.Is the cloud ceiling lower in the east than on the west coast?
I don't think there should be a difference. The ceiling of the clouds vary a lot depending on the actual weather conditions. For example, as a warm front moves in, the ceiling will go down from the very top of the troposphere, to a low ceiling as milder air rises on the very slack sloop of the front. Somewhere else, in a high pressure, inversion may occur and as fog forms in the morning, it rises when the sun heats the ground, forming stratus clouds that will slowly rise. Elsewhere, a convection may rise cumulus clouds to form cumulonimbus, perhaps with isolated thunderstorms by the end of the day. As the air gets warmer and warmer near the ground, during the day, the ceiling will rise more and more.



I am very much aware of that because I fly a very light aircraft, only visual. It means that I cannot fly in the clouds (I don't have the instruments to do that) and the ceiling is what stops me to fly higher. Sometimes I may start early in the morning, here in Norway, flying toward the mountains, only to land on a small airfield, to wait that the ceiling rises up later on, in order to fly over the mountain range.



Basically, it works like this: At altitude, the temperature remains pretty much the same. But near the ground, it gets colder during the night and warmer during the day since heat radiates back into space, at night, and is gained during a sunny day by storing into the ground.



The average adiabatic lapse rate (how fast it cools down with altitude) on earth is 0.65 C per 100 meters (roughly 3 F per 1,000 ft). But when the sun heats the ground during the day, the difference is greater and it takes a longer time to rise to see clouds cooling down to reach what is called the dew point temperature. When it does it, the base of the cumulus clouds is formed.



It is possible that at a certain place near New York and a certain place in California, the local conditions such as a cold sea current, a sea breeze effect or an orographic effect of the Californian mountains, cause a lower or higher than usual cloud ceiling. But if it does, it will be only under special conditions and wind direction.



This is, for example, the case for the Lofoten islands of Norway. When the wind blows from the west, the mild and moist air from the Gulf Stream meets the polar air above and creates a very low ceiling that hides the top of the fjords. But if the wind blows from the east, then the visibility is very good and the ceiling, very high.Is the cloud ceiling lower in the east than on the west coast?
The Western US has lower humidity on average, hence higher/fewer clouds than in the east. Obviously this depends on local conditions/topography, but the colder and drier the air is, the less likely you'll see as many low-hanging clouds.
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